(1) Castability (castability)

 Refers to the ability of a metal material to obtain a qualified casting by casting. Castability mainly includes fluidity, shrinkage and segregation. Fluidity refers to the ability of liquid metal to fill molds. Shrinkage refers to the degree of volume shrinkage when the casting is solidified; segregation refers to the inhomogeneity of the chemical composition and organization of the metal due to successive differences in the crystal during cooling and solidification.


(2) Forgeability

 Refers to the ability of a metal material to change shape without cracking during pressure processing. It includes processes such as casting, forging, rolling, drawing, extrusion, etc., in the liquid or cold state. The malleability is mainly related to the chemical composition of the metal material.

 
(3) Machinability (machinability, machinability)

 Refers to the degree of difficulty for a metal material to be qualified by a tool after it has been machined. Machinability is usually measured by the surface roughness of the workpiece after machining, the allowable cutting speed, and the degree of wear of the tool. It is related to many factors such as the chemical composition, mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and work hardening degree of the metal material. It is usually Hardness and toughness are used for rough cutting processability. In general, the higher the hardness of a metal material, the harder it is to cut; the hardness is not high but the toughness is large and cutting is difficult.

 
(4) Weldability (weldability)

 Refers to the adaptability of metal materials to welding processes. Mainly refers to the degree of difficulty in obtaining high quality welded joints under certain welding conditions. It includes two aspects: First, the combination of performance, that is, in a certain welding process conditions, a certain metal to form the sensitivity of welding defects; Second, the use of performance, that is, in a certain welding process conditions. The applicability of certain metal welded joints to use requirements.